Chapter 2
IN THIS LESSON
English Language Essentials
The way sentences are structured can have as much impact as the words themselves. Writers use different sentence types to create effect, from short and punchy to long and descriptive.
Short Sentences
Short sentences have one main idea and often include just a verb and subject. They create drama, make opinions stand out, or build tension.
Example: He shoots. He scores!
Long Sentences
Longer sentences include multiple ideas and can be more detailed.
They help describe scenes and give extra information.
Example: The cat, stretched out like a king on the freshly folded laundry, sat smugly, waiting for its human to admit defeat and find something else to wear.
Further Details
Using different sentence lengths together can add variety and impact.
Short sentences can be used for:
Questions: What’s for dinner?
Exclamations: Goal!
Commands: Pass the ball!
Statements: Pizza is the best food.
Mixing long and short sentences can create contrast and emphasise key points. A long sentence can describe an action in detail, followed by a short sentence to add drama.
Example:
The crowd held its breath, watching the player sprint down the pitch, dodging defenders and closing in on the goal. He scored!
Note: It is also important to use a mix of long and short sentences so that you get extra marks in both GCSE English Language and English Functional Skills.
English Language Activity
Try writing a short scene about sports, a hobby, or your favourite food, using a mix of short and long sentences. Think about how sentence structure changes the mood and impact!
Bonus Activity
Punctuation also affects sentence style. Dashes, colons, and commas can add emphasis and create different effects.
Example:The final whistle blew—cheers erupted, fans leapt to their feet, and the stadium shook with celebration.
Knowledge Check/Review
What type of sentence builds tension in a dramatic moment?
What kind of sentence would work best to describe a relaxing picnic?
How can a mix of short and long sentences make writing more interesting?
Add a short, impactful sentence to complete this passage:
After hours in the kitchen, the meal was finally ready. The table was set, the drinks were poured, and everyone took their seats.
